Terpenes - Chemistry Encyclopedia
If you walk into a garden in bloom and breathe deeply, you are likely to encounter great smells. In many cases, the molecules that bring those scents to your nose are terpenes.
Tertiary Structure - Chemistry Encyclopedia
The tertiary structure is the complete three-dimensional structure of a polypeptide chain. Many polypeptides fold into compact, globular structures in which amino acid residues that are distant from each other in primary structure come into close proximity in the folded structure.
Testosterone - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Testosterone is a male sex hormone, one of a class of compounds known as androgens. Included in this group are testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and androstenedione.
Thallium - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Theoretical Chemistry - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Theoretical chemistry is the discipline that uses quantum mechanics, classical mechanics, and statistical mechanics to explain the structures and dynamics of chemical systems and to correlate, understand, and predict their thermodynamic and kinetic properties. Modern theoretical chemistry may be roughly divided into the study of chemical structure and the study of chemical dynamics.
Thermochemistry - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Thermochemistry is the study of the heat released or absorbed as a result of chemical reactions. It is a branch of thermodynamics and is utilized by a wide range of scientists and engineers.
Thermodynamics - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Thermodynamics is the science of heat and temperature and, in particular, of the laws governing the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical, electrical, or other forms of energy. It is a central branch of science that has important applications in chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering.
Thiamin - Chemistry Encyclopedia
B vitamins are complex, water-soluble organic chemicals, often containing heterocyclic ring systems (containing one or more atoms other than carbon atoms); they cannot be synthesized by humans and are, therefore, required nutrients. Each of these vitamins is converted by the body into a coenzyme.
Thorium - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Thulium - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Tin - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Titanium - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Toxicity - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Toxicity is the capacity of a substance to poison. Swiss physician Paracelsus (1493–1541) defined poison as follows: "What is there that is not a poison?
Transactinides - Chemistry Encyclopedia
The term "transactinides" is used to refer to all elements beyond the actinides—that is, those elements with atomic numbers larger than 103. Lawrencium, with atomic number 103 and a full inner 5f electron shell, ends the actinide series.
Transmembrane Protein - Chemistry Encyclopedia
The membrane of a cell is not only a border; it is also an interface. The most critical molecules involved in interface functioning are proteins that are embedded within the membrane.
Transmutation - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Transmutation is the act of changing a substance, tangible or intangible, from one form or state into another. To the alchemists of old, this meant the conversion of one physical substance into another, particularly base metals such as lead into valuable silver and gold.
Transport Protein - Chemistry Encyclopedia
A computer-generated representation of a molecule of the hemoglobin-carrier of oxygen in blood, a transport protein.
Triglycerides - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Triglycerides are the most common storage form of fat in many organisms. They are neutral lipid molecules created via the esterification of three fatty acids to a single glycerol molecule.
Tungsten - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Uranium - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Valence Bond Theory - Chemistry Encyclopedia
The valence bond (VB) theory of bonding was mainly developed by Walter Heitler and Fritz London in 1927, and later modified by Linus Pauling to take bond direction into account. The VB approach concentrates on forming bonds in localized orbitals between pairs of atoms, and hence retains the simple idea of Lewis structures and electron pairs.
Vanadium - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Thomson, Joseph John - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Joseph John Thomson, always known as "J. J.," was born in Manchester, England, on December 18, 1856.
Todd, Alexander - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Alexander R. Todd was born in Glasgow on October 2, 1907.
Travers, Morris - Chemistry Encyclopedia
The discovery of a new chemical element is a rare event; therefore, it is amazing that, in the space of only forty-two days, Morris Travers was involved in the discovery of not one but three new elements—krypton, neon, and xenon.
Urey, Harold - Chemistry Encyclopedia
van der Waals, Johannes - Chemistry Encyclopedia
That atoms exist is a fact seemingly indisputable, but such was not always the case. In the early eighteenth century, when English chemist and physicist John Dalton made a case for his atomic theory, it was met with skepticism and spawned a vigorous debate that continued well into the twentieth century about whether or not atoms were real.
van Helmont, Johann Baptista - Chemistry Encyclopedia
Johann Baptista van Helmont was a contemporary of the English philosopher Francis Bacon and the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei. As with Galileo and his work, van Helmont's work in science brought him into conflict with religious authorities.